Informatics Publishing Limited

Abstract

The Agro ecosystems of Sindh, the second largest province of Pakistan are contained within larger landscapes that include uncultivated land, drainage networks, rural and coastal communities, wildlife, fisheries and forest sector. In Pakistan and particularly its lower Indus valley called Sindh province at present is facing a serious environmental degradation problem due to population explosion, mismanagement in wetlands, construction of dams in the upper areas and industrial waste of the country.

The major issues under this subject have been summed up after the in-depth analysis and examination of four types of forests: riverian forest, irrigated forest, mangroves forest and rangeland forest. Using quantitative and qualitative data from secondary sources, the study contributes significantly in the existing body of knowledge on this subject. It concludes that mismanagements in wetlands, scarcity of water resources, rapid population explosion, ill planed speedy urbanization and industrialization are the main causes of deforestation in Sindh. It also suggests a dynamic policy guideline, keeping in view the international environmental standards for overall improvements in these resources in the region. 

Keywords

Full Text

Abstract

Sindh southern province of Pakistan at present is faced with a serious food crisis due to population explosion and under-developed state of agriculture The Agro-Eco System of the province is defined as a dynamic association of crops, pastures, livestock, other flora and fauna, atmosphere, soil, and water. The Agro ecosystems are also contained within larger landscapes that include uncultivated land, drainage networks, rural communities, wildlife and markets.

The study contributes significantly in the existing body of knowledge on this subject. The major obstacles within the Agro Ecosystem have been summed up by examining it through in-depth analysis. The secondary data sources have been used. Using both quantitative and qualitative approaches, the study concludes that mismanagements in land distribution and water resources are on high level. Supply of inputs is also inadequate in bowing seasons and needs dire attention of policy makers not for the welfares of the growers, but also for food security of the rapid population. The study also suggests dynamic policy insights for Sindh agriculture sector to meet future economic trends/demands in the sector.

Keywords

Full Text

Abstract

The enrollment of girls and their retention in, basic education is widely accepted amongst policy makers and researchers in Dakar conference on Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in early 2000. But it is a fact in less developed countries like Sindh-Pakistan that backward communities still preferred a boy as better investment of the future in comparisons of their girls for education which creates a large gender gap in education sector, served an obstacle to met MDGs and to also harm the national as well as international development agenda. In the province of Sindh over all girls’ participation in school about to 35% and in rural Sindh girl’s enrollment is less than 25% to date.

The study contributes significantly in the existing body of knowledge on this subject and based on five years data of the program and also concludes that incentive programmes have a direct response on enrollment. It suggests widely  that more incentives can bring more improvement in girl’s enrollment,  i.e. distribution of uniforms, shoes, food snakes, free transport facilities, particularly for girls of  unserved communities living in  far-flung areas of the region to achieve universal target of  women literacy/gender development  as given  in MDGs.   

Keywords

Full Text